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1 Rehabilitation, Laval University, Ste-Foy, Quebec, Canada
2 Divisions of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai University, New York, New York, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jerome.frenette{at}crchul.ulaval.ca.
Our objective was to test the hypothesis that endothelial selectins, P- and E-selectins, are necessary for leukocyte migration following muscle injury from unloading/reloading. Mice hindlimbs were suspended for 10d followed by reloading periods of 6 or 24h after which the soleus muscle was dissected. Light microscopic observations showed that macrophages, but not neutrophils, were able to invade soleus muscles in mice deficient in P/E selectins (P/E-/-) during reloading periods. The recruitment efficiency of neutrophils after 6 and 24h of reloading was minimal in P/E-/- mice relative to unloaded animals. The recruitment of macrophages in the soleus muscle was preserved in P/E-/- mice. The concentration of macrophages increased by 8.1-fold compared to unloaded muscles in double-mutant mice after 24h of reloading. The accumulation of macrophages in reloaded muscles did not lead to fiber necrosis. Together, these findings indicate that macrophages can invade skeletal muscle through cellular mechanisms that do not involve P/E selectins during skeletal muscle reloading.
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