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Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol (May 20, 2004). doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00192.2004
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Submitted on March 23, 2004
Accepted on May 5, 2004

Direct Regulation of Lipolysis by Interleukin-15 in Primary Pig Adipocytes

Kolapo M Ajuwon1 and Michael E Spurlock1*

1 Department of Animal Sciences, Comparative Medicine Program, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: spurloc0{at}purdue.edu.

We recently provided evidence that interleukin-15 (IL15) is lowly expressed in the pig adipocyte, and that interferon {gamma} (IFN{gamma}) markedly increases this expression through a pathway regulated in part by protein kinase C (PKC). In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that IL15 acts directly on the adipocyte to regulate lipid accretion by enhancing lipolysis or suppressing lipogenesis. Using recombinant porcine IL15, we determined that this cytokine stimulates lipolysis in a dose-dependent manner (P< 0.001). Furthermore, comparative studies with other cytokines showed that IL15 is more potent in its acute stimulation of lipolysis than either TNF{alpha} or IL6,lipopolysaccharide (P< 0.001). When specific inhibitors of protein kinase A (PKA) or Janus kinase (JAK) are present, the lipolytic effect of IL15 is attenuated (P<0.01). These data indicate that, in addition to its regulation of muscle protein accretion and T-cell growth and development, IL15 also targets the adipocyte directly to alter stimulate lipolysis. Thus, when induced by IFN{gamma} or other inflammatory mediators, IL15 may be a significant homoeorhetic factor that mobilizes and directs energy away from the adipocyte to other cells during the acute phase of the inflammatory response.




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