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1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain
2 Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain
3 Laboratory of Free Radical Biology, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ana.navarro{at}uca.es.
Moderate exercise in a treadmill (10,15 and 20 cm/sec, for 5 min each, weakly) from 28 wk to 78 wk of age extended male and female mice lifespan by 19 and 9 % accompanied by 36 and 13 % and 13 and 9 % increased performance in behavioral assays (tightrope and T-maze tests) at 52 wk of age. Moderate exercise significantly decreased the aging-associated development of oxidative stress by preventing: (a) the increase in protein carbonyls and TBARS contents of submitochondrial membranes; (b) the decrease in antioxidant enzyme activities (Mn- and Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase and catalase); and (c) the decrease in mitochondrial NADH-cytochrome c reductase and cytochrome oxidase activities observed at 52 wk of mice age in brain, heart, liver and kidney. These effects were not longer significant at 78 wk of mice age. Moderate exercise, started at young age in mice, increased lifespan, decreased oxidative stress and prevented the decline of cytochrome oxidase activity and behavioral performance at middle age but not at old age.
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