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1 Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
2 Bourne Behavioral Research Laboratory, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, White Plains, New York, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ahajnal{at}psu.edu.
Although taste can influence meal size and body weight, the neural substrate for these effects remains obscure. Dopamine, particularly in the nucleus accumbens, has been implicated in both natural and non-natural rewards. In order to isolate the orosensory effects of taste from possible postingestive consequences, we investigated the quantitative relationship between sham-feeding of sucrose and extracellular dopamine in the nucleus accumbens using microdialysis in rats. Sucrose intake linearly increased as a function of concentration (0.03M: 18.07 ± 2.41ml; 0.1M: 30.92 ± 2.60; 0.3M: 43.28 ± 2.88ml). Sham-feeding also stimulated accumbens dopamine overflow as a function of sucrose solution concentration (0.03M: 120.76 ± 2.6%; 0.1M: 140.28 ± 7.8%; 0.3M: 146.27 ± 5.05%). A second experiment used the same protocol, but clamped the amount of sucrose ingested and revealed a similar, concentration-dependent dopamine activation in the nucleus accumbens. This is the first demonstration of a quantitative relationship between the concentration-dependent, rewarding effect of orosensory stimulation by sucrose during eating and the overflow of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens. This finding provides new and strong support for accumbens DA in the rewarding effect of sucrose.
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