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1 Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: bartness{at}gsu.edu.
Direct tests of the hypothesized total body fat regulatory system have been accomplished by partial surgical lipectomy. This usually results in the restoration of the lipid deficit through compensatory increases in non-excised white adipose tissue (WAT) masses of ground squirrels, laboratory rats and mice, as well as Siberian and Syrian hamsters. We challenged this hypothesized total body fat regulatory system by testing the response of Siberian hamsters to: a) lipid deficits (lipectomy; primarily bilateral epididymal WAT [EWAT] removal), b) lipid surfeits (addition of donor EWAT with no lipectomy), c) no net change in lipid (EWAT or inguinal WAT [IWAT] lipectomy with the excised fat replaced to a new location [autologous]), d) lipectomy with the same pad (EWAT lipectomy only) added from a sibling [non-autologous], and e) sham surgeries for each treatment. Food intake generally was not affected except for increases after EWAT autologous transplants compared with sham and EWAT lipectomy-only hamsters. Body mass was not affected across all treatments. Grafts ~3 months later had normal appearance both macro- and microscopically, and were revascularized. The normal lipectomy-induced compensatory increases in non-excised WAT masses surprisingly were exaggerated with autologous EWAT transplants, but not for autologous IWAT or non-autologous EWAT transplants. There was no compensatory decrease in native WAT masses with non-autologous EWAT additions. Collectively, only lipectomy triggered reparation of the lipid deficit, but the other manipulations did not, suggesting a system biased toward rectifying decreases in lipid or an inability of the hypothesized total body fat regulatory system to recognize WAT transplants.
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