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1 Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: sdodd{at}hhp.ufl.edu.
This study examined the role of heating on oxidative stress and muscle mass in immobilized limbs. Rats were divided into three groups (n=9/group): a control group (Con), an immobilized group (Im), and an immobilized and heated group (ImH). Rats were immobilized in the plantarflexed position for eight days. The core temperature of the ImH was elevated to 41-41.5°C on alternating days and maintained for 30 min before cooling. On day 8, both HSP 25 and 72 were markedly elevated in ImH when compared to Im, while Im was not different from control. Most notably, the ImH group had significantly larger solei when compared to the Im group, which was less than Con. Further, immobilization alone caused a significant increase in oxidative damage and the addition of heating to immobilization significantly reduced oxidative damage. In an effort to further identify the cause of this protective effect, antioxidant enzyme activities were assessed. CuZnSOD was sharply elevated in Im when compared (p<0.025) to Con and reduced in ImH when compared to Im (p<0.025). Catalase was elevated 8% (p<0.025) in the Im group as compared to Con and was similar to the ImH group. Glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and MnSOD did not differ between groups. These data indicate that heating provides protection against oxidative stress and preserves muscle mass during disuse atrophy. These data also suggest that antioxidant protection is not conferred via antioxidant enzymes and HSP's may play an important role.
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