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1 Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: herness.1{at}osu.edu.
Recent advances in peripheral taste physiology now suggest that the classic linear view of information processing within the taste bud is inadequate and that paracrine processing, though undemonstrated, may be an essential feature of peripheral gustatory transduction. Taste receptor cells (TRCs) express multiple neurotransmitters of unknown function that could potentially participate in a paracrine role. Serotonin is expressed in a subset of TRCs with afferent synapses; additionally, TRCs respond physiologically to serotonin. This study explored the expression and cellular localization of serotonin receptor subtypes in TRCs as a possible route of paracrine communication. RT-PCR was performed on RNA extracted from rat posterior taste buds with 14 primer sets representing 5HT1 through 5HT7 receptor subtypes families. Data suggest that 5HT1A and 5HT3 receptors are expressed in taste buds. Immunocytochemistry with a 5HT1A specific antibody demonstrated that subsets of TRCs were immunopositive for 5HT1A. Using double-labeling, serotonin- and 5HT1A-immunopositive cells were observed exclusively in non-overlapping populations. On the other hand, 5HT3 immunopositive taste receptor cells were not observed. This observation, combined with other data, suggest 5HT3 is expressed in postsynaptic neural elements within the bud. We hypothesize that 5HT release from TRCs activates postsynaptic 5HT3 receptors on afferent nerve fibers and, via a paracrine route, inhibits neighboring TRCs via 5HT1A receptors. The role of the 5HT1A-expressing TRC within the taste bud remains to be explored.
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