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1 Clinical Research Center, Department of Research, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Division of Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
2 Clinical Research Center, Department of Research, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: beglinger{at}tmr.ch.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and cholecystokinin (CCK33) were intravenously infused alone or in combination into normal-weight men for 60 min before they were served a lunch of ham sandwiches, chocolate mousse and orange juice. Infusion of GLP-1 (dose: 0.9 pmol/kg/min) or CCK33 (dose: 0.2 pmol/kg/min) each reduced calorie intake of the test meal. However, simultaneous infusion of these peptide doses reduced calorie intake less than the sum of the peptides' individual effects. Infusions of the same doses of GLP-1 plus CCK33 had neither individual nor interactive effects on meal size or calorie consumption. The combination of GLP-1 plus CCK33 induced, however, a significant reduction in hunger feelings in the pre-meal period (p=0.036 vs all other treatments). In summary, intravenous infusion of near physiological doses of CCK33 and GLP-1 produced specific inhibitions of feeling in men; the simultaneous infusion resulted in an infra-additive reduction in calorie consumption rejecting thereby the hypothesis that the two peptides exert a positive synergistic effect on food intake compared to the effects observed with infusion of individual peptides. In conclusion, CCK and GLP-1 are meal-related satiety signals that are released from the gastrointestinal tract during food intake.
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