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1 Rice University, Locomotion Laboratory, Houston, TX, USA; Concord Field Station, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Bedford, MA, USA; Biophysics and Biomedical Modeling Division, United States Army Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
2 Rice University, Locomotion Laboratory, Houston, TX, USA; Concord Field Station, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Bedford, MA, USA; Flight Laboratory, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mbundle{at}rice.edu.
We hypothesized that the anaerobic power (Ean) and aerobic power (Eaer) outputs during all-out runs of any common duration between 10 and 150 s would be proportional to the maximum anaerobic and aerobic powers available to the individual runner (i.e. Ean-max and Eaer-max). Seventeen runners who differed in maximal anaerobic and aerobic power: 5 sprinters (S), 5 middle-distance runners (MD), and 7 long distance runners (LD) were tested during treadmill running on a 4.6° incline. Maximal anaerobic power was estimated from the fastest treadmill speed subjects could attain for 8 steps. Maximal aerobic power was determined from a progressive, discontinuous, treadmill test to failure. Oxygen deficits and rates of uptake were measured to assess the respective anaerobic and aerobic power outputs during 11 to 16 all-out treadmill runs that elicited failure between 10 and 220 s. We found that during all-out runs of any common duration, the relative anaerobic (Ean/Ean-max) and aerobic power (Eaer/Eaer-max) utilized was largely the same for S, MD and LD subjects. The similar fractional utilization of the maximum anaerobic and aerobic powers available during high-speed running: 1) provides empirical values that modify and advance classic theory, 2) allows rates of anaerobic and aerobic energy release to be quantified from individual maxima and run durations, 3) explains why the high-speed running performances of different event specialists can be accurately predicted (R2 = 0.97; n = 254) from two direct measurements and the same exponential time constant.
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