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1 UMR SENAH, INRA, St-Gilles, France
2 Dpt of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
3 Department of Pathology, Mcmaster University, Hamilton, Canada
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: gaelle.boudry{at}rennes.inra.fr.
Chronic psychological stress impacts many function of the gastrointestinal tract. However, the effect of stress on nutrient absorption is poorly documented. This study was designed to investigate glucose transporters in rats submitted to different periods of water avoidance stress (WAS). Rats were subjected to WAS (1 h/day) for 1, 5 or 10 consecutives days. Four hours after the last WAS session, rats were sacrificed and segments of jejunum mounted in Ussing chambers to study electrophysiological properties of the jejunum and Na+-dependant glucose absorption kinetics. Mucosa was obtained to prepare brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) used to measure 14C-fructose uptake as well as SGLT-1 and GLUT2 expression by Western blots. Exposure of animals to WAS induced a decrease in Na+-dependant glucose absorption Vmax after 1, 5 and 10 days without any change in SGLT-1 expression. Potential difference across the jejunum was decreased for all stressed groups. Furthermore, we observed an increase in phloretin-sensitive uptake of 14C-fructose by BBMV after 1, 5 or 10 days of WAS, which was not present in control animals. This suggested the abnormal appearance of GLUT2 in the brush border, which was confirmed by Western blots. We concluded that psychological stress induces major changes in glucose transport with a decrease in Na+-dependant glucose absorption and an increase in GLUT2 expression at the brush border membrane level.
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