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1 Department of Biology, Neurobiology and Behavior Program and Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: bartness{at}gsu.edu.
Fasting has wide-spread physiological and behavioral effects such as increases in arcuate nucleus neuropeptide Y (NPY) gene expression in rodents including Siberian hamsters. Fasting also stimulates foraging and food hoarding (appetitive ingestive behaviors) by Siberian hamsters, but does little to change food intake (consummatory ingestive behavior). Therefore, we tested the effects of third ventricular NPY, Y1 ([Pro34]NPY) or Y5 ([D-Trp34]NPY) receptor agonists on these ingestive behaviors using a wheel running-based food delivery system coupled with simulated-burrow housing. Siberian hamsters had: a) no running wheel access, free food, b) running wheel access, free food or c) foraging requirements (10 or 50 revolutions/pellet). NPY (1.76 nmol) stimulated food intake (~200-1000%), especially in hamsters with a foraging requirement, and stimulated food hoarding even more so across all groups at all times (0-1 to 4-24 h; ~250-1750%). The Y1 receptor agonist markedly increased food hoarding (250-1000%), increased foraging as well as wheel running per se, and had relatively little effect on food intake (<250%). Unlike NPY, the Y5 agonist significantly increased food intake, especially in foraging animals (~225-800%), marginally increased food hoarding (250-500%) and stimulated foraging or wheel running 4-24 h post-injection, with the distribution of earned pellets favoring eating versus hoarding across time. Across the treatments, food hoarding predominated early post-injection, whereas food intake tended to do so later. Collectively, NPY stimulates both appetitive and consummatory ingestive behaviors in Siberian hamsters involving Y1/Y5 receptors, with food hoarding and foraging/wheel running (appetitive) more involved with Y1 receptors and food intake (consummatory) with Y5 receptors.
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