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INFLAMMATION, CYTOKINES, AND TEMPERATURE REGULATION

Humid heat acclimation does not elicit a preferential sweat redistribution toward the limbs

Department of Biomedical Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia 2522

Submitted 2 July 2003 ; accepted in final form 20 October 2003

We tested the hypothesis that local sweat rates would not display a systematic postadaptation redistribution toward the limbs after humid heat acclimation. Eleven nonadapted males were acclimated over 3 wk (16 exposures), cycling 90 min/day, 6 days/wk (40°C, 60% relative humidity), using the controlled-hyperthermia acclimation technique, in which work rate was modified to achieve and maintain a target core temperature (38.5°C). Local sudomotor adaptation (forehead, chest, scapula, forearm, thigh) and onset thresholds were studied during constant work intensity heat stress tests (39.8°C, 59.2% relative humidity) conducted on days 1, 8, and 22 of acclimation. The mean body temperature (_b) at which sweating commenced (threshold) was reduced on days 8 and 22 (P < 0.05), and these displacements paralleled the resting thermoneutral _b shift, such that the _b change to elicit sweating remained constant from days 1 to 22. Whole body sweat rate increased significantly from 0.87 ± 0.06 l/h on day 1 to 1.09 ± 0.08 and 1.16 ± 0.11 l/h on days 8 and 22, respectively. However, not all skin regions exhibited equivalent relative sweat rate elevations from day 1 to day 22. The relative increase in forearm sweat rate (117 ± 31%) exceeded that at the forehead (47 ± 18%; P < 0.05) and thigh (42 ± 16%; P < 0.05), while the chest sweat rate elevation (106 ± 29%) also exceeded the thigh (P < 0.05). Two unique postacclimation observations arose from this project. First, reduced sweat thresholds appeared to be primarily related to a lower resting _b, and more dependent on _b change. Second, our data did not support the hypothesis of a generalized and preferential trunk-to-limb sweat redistribution after heat acclimation.

body core temperature; sweating; sweat threshold

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