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This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 290/4/R1062    most recent 00378.2005v1 Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Web of Science (6) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Halevy, O. Articles by Yablonka-Reuveni, Z. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Halevy, O. Articles by Yablonka-Reuveni, Z.

ENVIRONMENTAL, EXERCISE AND RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY

In ovo exposure to monochromatic green light promotes skeletal muscle cell proliferation and affects myofiber growth in posthatch chicks

¹Department of Animal Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel; and ²Department of Biological Structure, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington

Submitted 31 May 2005 ; accepted in final form 2 November 2005

Our previous studies demonstrated that illumination of chicken embryos with monochromatic green light results in enhanced body and muscle weight at later posthatch stages. In the present study, we investigated the cellular and molecular basis of this phenomenon. First, we showed that on day 6 posthatch, myofibers were more uniform in the in ovo illuminated group than in the control group incubated in the dark, with respect to the number of myofibers displaying diameter values within the range of the mean value. Second, we tested the hypothesis that in ovo illumination causes an increase in the number of myoblasts; this in turn can promote posthatch muscle growth. Indeed, a significant increase in the number of skeletal muscle cells isolated from pectoralis muscle was observed in the in ovo illuminated group on days 1 and 3 posthatch relative to the control group. This increased cell number was accompanied by higher expression levels of Pax7 and myogenin proteins on posthatch days 1 and 3, respectively. A parallel analysis of proliferating cells in the intact muscle further demonstrated a significant increase in the number of cells positive for proliferating cell nuclear antigen in muscle from the in ovo illuminated group. Third, we demonstrated that the transition from fetal- to adult-type myoblasts, normally occurring in late stages of chicken embryogenesis, is initiated earlier in embryos subjected to in ovo green-light illumination. We suggest that the stimulatory effect of in ovo illumination on posthatch muscle growth is the result of enhanced proliferation and differentiation of adult myoblasts and myofiber synchronization.

satellite cells; Pax7; myogenin; myoblasts; chicken

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